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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Siberian Journal of Life Sciences and Agriculture</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Siberian Journal of Life Sciences and Agriculture</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Siberian Journal of Life Sciences and Agriculture</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2658-6649</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2658-6657</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Science and Innovation Center Publishing House</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">443292</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.12731/2658-6649-2026-18-1-1385</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">SVWRIV</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Interdisciplinary Research</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Междисциплинарные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Immunomodulatory properties of polysaccharides from Baltic Sea macroalgae</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Иммуномоделирующие свойства полисахаридов макроводорослей Балтийского моря</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4107-7277</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">56764211200</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">I-3095-2017</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ульрих</surname><given-names>Елена Викторовна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ulrikh</surname><given-names>Elena V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Россия</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р техн. наук, доцент, директор Химико-аналитического ресурсного центра</p> <p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Director of the Chemical-Analytical Resource Center</p> <p> </p></bio><email>elen.ulrich@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9776-4845</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">56711851000</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">NKQ-0552-2025</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Новожилов</surname><given-names>Олег Анатольевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Novozhilov</surname><given-names>Oleg A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Россия</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. биол. наук, доцент, директор института рыболовства и аквакультуры</p> <p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD in Biology, Associate Professor, Director of the Institute of Fisheries and Aquaculture</p> <p> </p></bio><email>oleg.novozhilov@klgtu.ru</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5992-414X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">57222610902</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">2505-4522</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Агафонова</surname><given-names>Светлана Викторовна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Agafonova</surname><given-names>Svetlana V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Россия</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. техн. наук, доцент, доцент кафедры пищевой биотехнологии</p> <p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ph.D. in Engineering, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Food Biotechnology</p> <p> </p></bio><email>svetlana.agafonova@klgtu.ru</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0974-3914</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">57224414427</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">AAF-6701-2019</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Землякова</surname><given-names>Евгения Сергеевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zemlyakova</surname><given-names>Evgeniya S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Россия</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. техн. наук, доцент, доцент кафедры пищевой биотехнологии</p> <p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ph.D. in Engineering, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Food Biotechnology</p> <p> </p></bio><email>evgeniya.zemljakova@klgtu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6708-9674</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">57222610783</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">AAE-8960-2019</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ключко</surname><given-names>Наталия Юрьевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Klyuchko</surname><given-names>Natalia Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Россия</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. техн. наук, доцент, доцент кафедры пищевой биотехнологии</p> <p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ph.D. in Engineering, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Food Biotechnology</p> <p> </p></bio><email>natalya.kluchko@klgtu.ru</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1385-7682</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Обрегон</surname><given-names>Антонио Хосе</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Obregón-La Rosa</surname><given-names>Antonio Jose</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="PE">Перу</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Science, Professor</p> <p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор наук, профессор</p> <p> </p></bio><email>antonio-38@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1290-0577</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">7230-8280</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Качанова</surname><given-names>Анжелика Валерьевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kachanova</surname><given-names>Anzhelika V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Россия</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант кафедры пищевой биотехнологии</p> <p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Postgraduate Student of the Department of Food Biotechnology</p> <p> </p></bio><email>asunyaykina54@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8226-1408</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">NHQ-0115-2025</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федорова</surname><given-names>Олеся Сергеевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedorova</surname><given-names>Olesya S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Россия</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>магистрант кафедры пищевой биотехнологии</p> <p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Master’s student of the Department of Food Biotechnology</p> <p> </p></bio><email>olesya.fedorova@klgtu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Калининградский государственный технический университет»</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Kaliningrad State Technical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Перуанский технологический университет</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Peruvian Technological University&#13;
&#13;
28, July str., Lima, 15046 Peru</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Калининградский государственный технический университет»</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Kaliningrad State Technical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><content-language>ru</content-language><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-02-28" publication-format="electronic"><day>28</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>524</fpage><lpage>540</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-07-31"><day>31</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, Ulrikh E.V., Novozhilov O.A., Agafonova S.V., Zemlyakova E.S., Klyuchko N.Y., Obregón-La Rosa A.J., Kachanova A.V., Fedorova O.S.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, Ульрих Е.В., Новожилов О.А., Агафонова С.В., Землякова Е.С., Ключко Н.Ю., Обрегон А.Х., Качанова А.В., Федорова О.С.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ulrikh E.V., Novozhilov O.A., Agafonova S.V., Zemlyakova E.S., Klyuchko N.Y., Obregón-La Rosa A.J., Kachanova A.V., Fedorova O.S.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ульрих Е.В., Новожилов О.А., Агафонова С.В., Землякова Е.С., Ключко Н.Ю., Обрегон А.Х., Качанова А.В., Федорова О.С.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rcsi.science/2658-6649/article/view/443292">https://journals.rcsi.science/2658-6649/article/view/443292</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Background. The physiological properties of biologically active polysaccharides in macroalgae are extremely diverse. Macroalgae polysaccharides have valuable anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating properties.</p> <p>Purpose. To study the immunomodulating ability of the polysaccharides of macroalgae of the Baltic Sea – Fucus vesiculosus и Furcellaria lumbrifera.</p> <p>Materials and methods. Samples of algae Furcellaria lumbricalis and Fucus vesiculosus were collected on the coast of the Baltic Sea in the period from April 01 to April 30, 2025 (Curonian Bay, Kaliningrad region, Russia), air-dried, finished drying at 40°C in a desiccator, and crushed.</p> <p>The extraction was performed using dilute mineral acids, an alkali, and water. After extraction was complete, the hot solution was filtered under vacuum through gauze. Then, ice-cold isopropyl alcohol was added to the liquid phase of the extract to precipitate the polysaccharides, which were subsequently dried in a desiccator.</p> <p>The anti-inflammatory properties of endo- and exopolysaccharides were determined using a solid-phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method with a Mindray MR-96A ELISA analyzer. The anti-inflammatory properties were evaluated using the cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α. Twenty microliters of supernatant and 80 μL of RPMI-1640 nutrient medium were used per well for each sample to determine IL-1β content. To determine TNF-α content, 100 microliters of supernatant were used per well for each sample.</p> <p>The Statistica 7.0 application program package (StatSoft, USA) was used for statistical processing of the data.</p> <p>Results. Polysaccharides Fucus-G, Fucus-M, Fucus-D, and Fucus-B, which were isolated from the macroalgae F. vesiculosus, were found to inhibit the production of the proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β compared to the negative control. The IL-1β content decreased to 350.74±14.49, 402.69±14.22, 402.12±21.48, and 401.78±19.82 pg/mL, respectively, for F. vesiculosus. The highest amount of cytokines for F. vesiculosus was produced by Fucus-A, Fucus-E and Fucus-B polysaccharide samples (420.36±21.01, 414.69±20.80 and 415.78±19.95 pg/mL, respectively). For the macroalgae F. lumbrifera, the polysaccharide samples Furcus-G, Furcus-E, Furcus-M, Furcus-B and Furcus-B inhibited cytokine production (402.26±19.77, 403.03±21.14, 409.65±20.95, 402.65±20.61 and 401.33±19.82 pg/mL, respectively). It was found that Furz-A and Furz-D polysaccharide samples for F. lumbrifera macroinvertebrates produced the highest amount of IL-1β cytokines (419.37±20.59 and 421.47±19.82 pg/mL, respectively). It was shown that the studied samples of polysaccharides were characterized by the absence of statistically significant inhibitory or stimulating effect on the production of cytokine TNF-α in the reaction medium by monoclears after their addition at a concentration of 20 μg/ml. It was found that in the presence of Fukus-A and Fukus-E, Furz-A and Furz-E samples the content of cytokine TNF-α was the highest and amounted to 36.87±1.89, 32.81±1.94, 35.19±0.15 and 32.51±1.91 pg/mL, respectively. The content of TNF-α cytokine when using Fucus-M and Fucus-B polysaccharide samples practically did not change in comparison with the negative control.</p> <p>Conclusion. Thus, it is revealed that polysaccharide samples isolated from macroalgae exhibit an anti-inflammatory effect. These samples can be recommended as ingredients or pharmaceutical substances for the production of dietary supplements or immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory drugs.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Обоснование. Физиологические свойства биологически активных полисахаридов макроводорослей чрезвычайно разнообразны. Ценными биологически активными свойствами полисахаридов макроводорослей является противовоспалительные и иммуномоделирующие свойства.</p> <p>Цель. Изучить иммуномоделирующую способность полисахаридов макроводорослей Балтийского моря – Fucus vesiculosus и Furcellaria lumbrifera.</p> <p>Материалы и методы. Пробы водорослей Furcellaria lumbricalis и Fucus vesiculosus отбирались на побережье Балтийского моря в период с 01 по 30 апреля 2025 года (Куршский залив, Калининградская область, Россия), сушилась на воздухе, досушивалась при 40°С в сушильном шкафу и измельчались.</p> <p>Экстракция проводилась с использованием разбавленных минеральных кислот, щелочи и воды. После завершения экстракции горячий раствор отфильтровывался под вакуумом через марлю. К жидкой фазе экстракта добавлялся ледяной изопропиловый спирт для осаждения полисахаридов, которые высушивались в сушильном шкафу.</p> <p>Противовоспалительные свойства эндо- и экзополисахаридов определялись методом, основанном на применении твердофазного иммуноферментного анализа (ИФА) с применением иммуноферментного анализатора Mindray MR-96A. Противовоспалительные свойства оценивались с применением цитокинов ИЛ-1β и ФНО-α. Для определения содержания ИЛ-1β использовалось на лунку для каждого образца по 20 мкл супернатанта и 80 мкл питательной среды RPMI-1640, для определения содержания ФНО-α использовалось на лунку для каждого образца по 100 мкл супернатанта.</p> <p>Статистическая обработка данных осуществлялась с помощью пакета прикладных программ Statistica 7.0 (StatSoft, USA).</p> <p>Результаты. Определено, что полисахариды Фукус-Г, Фукус-М, Фукус-Д и Фукус-Б, выделенные из макроводорослей F. vesiculosus, ингибировали продукцию провоспалительного цитокина ИЛ-1β в сравнении с отрицательным контролем. Пониженное содержание цитокинов ИЛ-1β для F. vesiculosus составило 350,74±14,49, 402,69±14,22, 402,12±21,48 и 401,78±19,82 пг/мл соответственно. Наибольшее количество цитокинов для F. vesiculosus продуцировали образцы полисахаридов Фукус-А, Фукус-Э и Фукус-В (420,36±21,01, 414,69±20,80 и 415,78±19,95 пг/мл, соответственно). Для макроводоросли F. lumbrifera ингибировали выработку цитокинов образцы полисахаридов Фурц-Г, Фурц-Э, Фурц-М, Фурц-В и Фурц-Б (402,26±19,77, 403,03±21,14, 409,65±20,95, 402,65±20,61 и 401,33±19,82 пг/мл, соответственно). Установлено, что образцы полисахаридов Фурц-А и Фурц-Д для макроводлрослей F. lumbrifera продуцируют наибольшее количество цитокинов ИЛ-1β (419,37±20,59 и 421,47±19,82 пг/мл, соответственно). Показано, что изучаемые образцы полисахаридов характеризовались отсутствуем статистически значимого ингибирующего или стимулирующего эффекта на выработку цитокина ФНО-α в реакционной среде моноклеарами после их добавления в концентрации 20 мкг/мл. Установлено, что в присутствии образцов Фукус-А и Фукус-Э, Фурц-А и Фурц-Э содержание цитокинов ФНО-α наибольшее и составило 36,87±1,89, 32,81±1,94, 35,19±0,15 и 32,51±1,91 пг/мл, соответственно. Содержание же цитокина ФНО-α при использовании образцов полисахаридов Фукус-М и Фукус-В практически не изменилось по сравнению с отрицательным контролем.</p> <p>Заключение. Таким образом выявлено, что образцы полисахаридов, выделенных из макроводорослей, они проявляют противовоспалительный эффект и могут быть рекомендованы в качестве ингредиента или фармацевтической субстанции в производстве биологически активных добавок или лекарственных препаратов иммуномодулирующего и противовоспалительного действия.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>макроводоросли</kwd><kwd>иммуномодулирующие свойства</kwd><kwd>провоспалительные цитокины</kwd><kwd>полисахариды</kwd><kwd>экстрагент</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>macroalgae</kwd><kwd>immunomodulatory properties</kwd><kwd>proinflammatory cytokines</kwd><kwd>polysaccharides</kwd><kwd>extractant</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Bica, A., Barbu-Tudoran, L., Druga, B., et al. (2012). 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