Siberian Journal of Life Sciences and AgricultureSiberian Journal of Life Sciences and AgricultureSiberian Journal of Life Sciences and Agriculture2658-66492658-6657Science and Innovation Center Publishing House44279510.12731/2658-6649-2026-18-1-1441ALDAXSBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular BiologyБиохимия, генетика и молекулярная биологияResearch ArticleDetermination of ABO group alleles in the Iraqi populationMaysoonKhudheyer Almyah
Ирак

PhD, Prof., Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques

husseinalihasan526@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6287-2902AalaaAbdulzahra Chmagh
Ирак

PhD, Prof., Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques

alihuseeinibsh@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1173-2050AyatIbrahiem Esmaeel Al-laaeiby
Ирак

PhD, Prof., Department of Pathological Analysis

ayatallaaeiby@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0009-0007-9470-7830SafaaTaha Yassen
Ирак

PhD, Prof.

safamohhussein@gmail.comSouthern Technical UniversityCollege of Science, Basrah UniversityAL-Zahra Medical College, University of Basrahen28022026202618117018330072026Copyright ©; 2026, Maysoon K.A., Aalaa A.C., Ayat I.E., Safaa T.Y.Copyright ©; 2026, Maysoon K., Aalaa A., Ayat I., Safaa T.2026Maysoon K.A., Aalaa A.C., Ayat I.E., Safaa T.Y.Maysoon K., Aalaa A., Ayat I., Safaa T.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0https://journals.rcsi.science/2658-6649/article/view/442795

Background. The classification of blood types is considered one of the most significant pioneers. Four different phenotypes, i.e., A, B, AB, and O, were specified based on whether antigen A and/or B were present on the surface of the erythrocytes.

Purpose. To investigate the frequency of blood groups among healthy individuals using a sequencing method and to compare the findings with the corresponding traditional serological method.

Materials and methods. Thirty blood samples were collected from healthy volunteers who attended Southern Technical University between October 2023 and February 2024. Blood groups were investigated using both serology and genetic testing.

Results. The majority of volunteers carry blood group A, while the minority with group AB is 6.7%. Blood group A has four genotypes, including A1A1, A1O1, A2O1, and A1O2, while the BO1, O1O1 and A1B genotypes represent B, O and AB, respectively. Genetic analysis of sequences showed that the O1O1 allele spotted the homozygous deletion of n261 in exon 6, corresponding to the O+ phenotype. Additionally, five SNPs, nt703, 796, 803, 1061, and 1096, of exon 7 sequences were analysed to identify single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of ABO alleles.

Conclusion. Investigating blood group using a sequence is clinically important for improving patient safety. It supplies supportive information regarding antigen differences.

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