ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT OF VANILLIN AND QUERCETIN ON THE DEGREE OF FEED DIGESTABILITY AND THE RUMEN MICROBIOME OF CATTLE
Abstract
Background. There are various ways to modulate rumen microbial diversity of ruminants, one of which is the use of feed additives. The inclusion of phytochemicals in the diet leads to changes in the rumen microbiome and the dynamics of fermentation in it, which has a positive effect on the productive qualities of farm animals.
The goal of the study was to evaluate the effect of vanillin and quercetin on the degree of digestibility of feed and the microbiome of the rumen of cattle.
Materials and methods. Object of study: rumen contents of Kazakh white-headed bull calves. Phytochemicals used: vanillin at a concentration of 2,45×10-4 mol/l (test sample I) and quercetin at a concentration of 4,90×10-4 mol/l (test sample II). Experiments to assess the digestibility of dry matter of the feed substance were carried out using a Daisy D200I incubator (Ankom Technology, USA) in vitro (an artificial rumen model). Sequencing of the DNA library of 16S-rRNA genes was performed on the Illumina MiSeq platform (Illumina, USA). The taxonomic composition of rumen fluid was determined based on the NCBI database и Genome taxonomy database (GTDB).
Results. During the research, it was found that the addition of vanillin and quercetin leads to an increase in the digestibility of the feed substrate by 1,25% and 2,71% relative to the control sample. When studying the microbial diversity of cattle rumen fluid at the phylum level, 6 taxa were identified in the control sample: Actinomycetota, Bacillota, Bacteroidota, Fusobacteriota, Patescibacteriota and Pseudomonadota, while the dominant position was occupied by bacteria of the phylum Bacillota (41,76%), Pseudomonadota (36,82%) and Bacteroidota (9,29%). After incubation of rumen fluid with small molecules of plant origin, a significant increase in the number of representatives of the phylum Bacillota and a decrease in the number of bacteria belonging to the phylum Bacteroidota and Pseudomonadota were recorded. The structure of the bacterial community in all test samples was enriched with representatives of the genera Butyrivibrio and Pseudobutyrivibrio (phylum Bacillota, class Clostridia, family Lachnospiraceae).
Conclusion. The results obtained provide the basis for formulating diets for cattle with the inclusion of vanillin and quercetin, which help improve the digestibility of dry matter of the feed substrate and change the microbial diversity of the rumen, which together can have a positive effect on the productive qualities of farm animals.
EDN: BTYGUO
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