The results of the study of the effects of glyphosate and antibiotics on the composition and functions of the intestinal microbiome of broilers

Keywords: glyphosate, antibiotics, coccidiostatic, broilers, toxic effect, microbiome, NGS sequencing

Abstract

Background. The combined effect of residual amounts of pesticides and antibiotics in poultry feed can lead to a negative effect on the composition of the intestinal microbiome of livestock.

Purpose. To analyze changes in the composition of broilers intestinal cecum microbiome under the influence of glyphosate in an amount of 1 MPC for food products in isolation and with a combination of glyphosate with antibiotics and an anticoccidial drug.

Materials and methods. The experimental birds were divided into 4 groups: Group I - control, which received the basic diet (BD), experimental group II - BD with the addition of glyphosate; III experimental - BD with the addition of glyphosate and veterinary antibiotics; IV experimental - BD with the addition of glyphosate and anticoccidial drug. The composition of bacteria was determined by NGS sequencing on a MiSeq automatic sequencer (Illumina, Inc., USA). PICRUSt2 (v.2.3.0) software (https://github.com/picrust/picrust2) was used to perform functional activity prediction of the metagenome, gene families, and proteins.

 Results. The results showed that under the influence of glyphosate (experimental group II), on the 7th and 40th days of life of broilers, microorganisms of the phylum Proteobacteria were completely eliminated from the community of microorganisms in the chyme of the intestinal cecum; on the 14th day, their content decreased by 3 .7 times compared to control group I (P≤0.05). In groups III and IV, their number increased compared to group II to 3.1 and 7.9 times, respectively (P≤0.05). At 7 days of age in experimental group II, as well as at 7-40 days of age in experimental group III, the number of Ruminococcaceae and Oscillospiraceae bacteria decreased to 10.3 and 11.8%, respectively, compared to control group I (P≤0. 05). Changes in the composition of microbial taxa under the influence of pesticides and medicinal substances introduced into feed led to changes in 185 potential functional pathways (P≤0.05). Thus, the activity of the pathways of energy, carbohydrate, protein metabolism, fat metabolism, biosynthesis of coenzymes and cofactors, vitamins decreased in experimental groups II-IV compared to control group I (P≤0.05).

Conclusion. Our data indicate that during the experimental contamination of feed with the herbicide glyphosate, the introduction of veterinary antibiotics and anticoccidial drug into the feed in the caeca of the intestines of broiler chickens, changes in the structure of the microbiome occurred already at high taxonomic levels, and critical inhibition was also observed important potentially underlying functional pathways. This can negatively affect the host's body.

EDN: ODFQOK

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Author Biographies

Daria G. Tyurina, BIOTROF Limited Liability Company

Candidate of Economic Sciences, Deputy Director for Finance, Chief Biotechnologist of the Molecular Genetic Laboratory

Elena A. Yildirim, St. Petersburg State Agrarian University; BIOTROF Limited Liability Company

Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor of the Department of Large Livestock, Chief Biotechnologist of the Molecular Genetic Laboratory

Georgy Y. Laptev, St. Petersburg State Agrarian University; BIOTROF Limited Liability Company

Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor of the Department of Large Livestock, director

Natalia I. Novikova, BIOTROF Limited Liability Company

Candidate of Biological Sciences, First Deputy Director

Larisa A. Ilyina, St. Petersburg State Agrarian University; BIOTROF Limited Liability Company

Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor of the Department of Large Livestock, Chief of the Molecular Genetics Laboratory

Valentina A. Filippova, St. Petersburg State Agrarian University; BIOTROF Limited Liability Company

Senior Lecturer at the Department of Large Livestock, Senior Biotechnologist at the Molecular Genetics Laboratory

Andrey V. Dubrovin, BIOTROF Limited Liability Company

Candidate of Veterinary Sciences, Biotechnologist of the Molecular Genetic Laboratory

Kseniya A. Kalitkina, St. Petersburg State Agrarian University; BIOTROF Limited Liability Company

Assistant of the Department of Large Livestock, Biotechnologist of the Molecular Genetic Laboratory

Ekaterina S. Ponomareva, BIOTROF Limited Liability Company

Biotechnologist of the Molecular Genetic Laboratory

Irina A. Klyuchnikova, St. Petersburg State Agrarian University; BIOTROF Limited Liability Company

master's student, Biotechnologist of the Molecular Genetic Laboratory

Vasiliy A. Zaikin, BIOTROF Limited Liability Company

Biotechnologist of the Molecular Genetic Laboratory

Elena P. Gorfunkel, BIOTROF Limited Liability Company

Quality controller

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Published
2025-04-30
How to Cite
Tyurina, D., Yildirim, E., Laptev, G., Novikova, N., Ilyina, L., Filippova, V., Dubrovin, A., Kalitkina, K., Ponomareva, E., Klyuchnikova, I., Zaikin, V., & Gorfunkel, E. (2025). The results of the study of the effects of glyphosate and antibiotics on the composition and functions of the intestinal microbiome of broilers. Siberian Journal of Life Sciences and Agriculture, 17(2), 261-294. https://doi.org/10.12731/2658-6649-2025-17-2-1107
Section
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology