Assessment of the relationship between the level of somatotropin in hair and meat qualities of Hereford bulls
Abstract
Background. The issue of using hair as an indicator of long-term changes in somatotropin metabolism in the body of young bulls has not been sufficiently addressed. Moreover, there is almost no information on the relationship between the somatotropin level in hair and the meat qualities of young bulls, which determined the relevance of this study.
Objective is to study the effect of the somatotropin exchange pool, estimated by its concentration in hair on the meat qualities of the Hereford bulls.
Materials and methods. The studies were performed on the Hereford bulls. Animals were divided into three groups depending on the somatotropin level in hair: I - (53.4-57.1 pg / mg); II - (57.3 to 61.8 pg / mg); III - (62.1 to 67.1 pg / mg).
Results. Bulls with the maximum somatotropin level had the highest rates of weight gain. Animals of this group had higher slaughter weight and meat protein content, with a lower fat content. An increase in the somatotropin concentration in hair was accompanied by an increase in the concentrations of leucine + isoleucine, tryptophan, histidine, methionine, a decrease in phenylalanine and serine, as well as an increase in the concentrations of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the longissimus dorsi muscle. The longissimus muscle of bulls with the maximum somatotropin level in hair contained more calcium, copper, zinc and iodine, with relatively low lead concentrations.
Conclusion. The level of somatotropin concentration in hair from the withers is closely related to the intensity of weight growth, meat productivity and meat quality of Hereford bulls, which allows us to consider hair as a biosubstrate for assessing long-term changes in the level of somatotropin in the body, when developing measures aimed at increasing the meat productivity of bulls.
EDN: UEOKFS
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References
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Asimov, G. J., & Krouze, N. K. (1937). The lactogenic preparations from the anterior pituitary and the increase of milk yield in cows. J Dairy Sci, 20, 289-306.
Aytac, A. K., Bilal, A. K., & Davut, B. (2015). Determination of the alui polymorphism effect of bovine growth hormone gene on carcass traits in Zavot cattle with analysis of covariance. Turk J Vet Anim Sci, 39, 16-22.
Baier, F., Grandin, T., Engle, T., & Edwards-Callaway, L. (2019). Evaluation of Hair Characteristics and Animal Age on the Impact of Hair Cortisol Concentration in Feedlot Steers. Front Vet Sci, 6, 323. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2019.00323
Berryman, D. E., & List, E. O. (2017). Growth Hormone’s effect on adipose tissue: quality versus quantity. Int J Mol Sci, 8, 1621.
Braun, U., Michel, N., Baumgartner, M. R., Hässig, M., & Binz, T. M. (2017). Cortisol concentration of regrown hair and hair from a previously unshorn area in dairy cows. Res Vet Sci, 114, 412-415. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rvsc.2017.07.005
Bristow, D. J., & Holmes, D. S. (2007). Cortisol levels and anxiety-related behaviors in cattle. Phys Behav, 90, 626-638. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2006.11.015
Brown-Borg, H. M. (2009). Hormonal control of aging in rodents: the somatotropic axis. Mol Cell Endocrinol, 299, 64-71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mce.2008.07.001
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Carrell, R. C., Smith, W. B., Kinman, L. A., Mercadante, V. R. G., Dias, N. W., & Roper, D. A. (2021). Cattle stress and pregnancy responses when imposing different restraint methods for conducting fixed time artificial insemination. Anim Reprod Sci, 225, 106672. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anireprosci.2020.106672 EDN: https://elibrary.ru/FSFANM
Comin, A., Prandi, A., Peric, T., Corazzin, M., Dovier, S., & Bovolenta, S. (2011). Hair cortisol levels in dairy cows from winter housing to summer highland grazing. Livest Sci, 138, 69-73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2010.12.009
Dehkhoda, F., Lee, C. M. M., Medina, J., & Brooks, A. J. (2018). The growth hormone receptor: mechanism of receptor activation, cell signaling, and physiological aspects. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne), 9, 35. https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2018.00035
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Flores, J., García, J. E., Mellado, J., Gaytán, L., de Santiago, Á., & Mellado, M. (2019). Effect of growth hormone on milk yield and reproductive performance of subfertile Holstein cows during extended lactations. Spanish J. Agric. Res, 17(11), e0403. https://doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2019171-13842 EDN: https://elibrary.ru/REWXBZ
Florini, J. R., Ewton, D. Z., & Coolican, S. A. (1996). Growth hormone and the insulin-like growth factor system in myogenesis. Endocr Rev, 17, 481-517. https://doi.org/10.1210/edrv-17-5-481
Furigo, I. C., Teixeira, P. D. S., & de Souza, G. O. (2019). Growth hormone regulates neuroendocrine responses to weight loss via AgRP neurons. Nat Commun, 1, 662. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-08607-1 EDN: https://elibrary.ru/HMFRHT
Ghassemi Nejad, J., Lee, B. H., Kim, J. Y., Chemere, B., Sung, K. I., & Lee, H. G. (2021). Effect of alpine grazing on plasma and hair cortisol, serotonin, and DHEA in dairy cows and its welfare impact. Domest Anim Endocrinol, 75, 106581. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.domaniend.2020.106581 EDN: https://elibrary.ru/NFZMZK
Gómez, C. A., Fernández, M., Franco, N., & Cueva, R. (2022). Effect of two formulations of recombinant bovine somatotropin on milk production and body condition of cattle under intensive management in Peru. Trop Anim Health Prod, 54(2), 96. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-021-03036-z EDN: https://elibrary.ru/MZNKYE
Gow, R., et al. (2010). An assessment of cortisol analysis in hair and its clinical applications. Forensic science international, 196(1-3), 32-37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2009.12.040
Heimbürge, S., Kanitz, E., Tuchscherer, A., & Otten, W. (2020). Within a hair’s breadth — Factors influencing hair cortisol levels in pigs and cattle. Gen Comp Endocrinol, 1(288), 113359. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygcen.2019.113359
Holzer, Z., Aharoni, Y., Brosh, A., Orlov, A., Veenhuizen, J., & Kasser, T. R. (1999). The effects of long-term administration of recombinant bovine somatotropin (Posilac) and Synovex on performance, plasma hormone and amino acid concentration, and muscle and subcutaneous fat fatty acid composition in Holstein-Friesian bull calves. Journal of Animal Science, 77(6), 1422-1430. https://doi.org/10.2527/1999.7761422x
Jia, J., Ahmed, I., Liu, L., Liu, Y., Xu, Z., Duan, X., Li, Q., Dou, T., Gu, D., Rong, H., Wang, K., Li, Z., Talpur, M. Z., Huang, Y., & Wang, S., et al. (2018). Selection for growth rate and body size have altered the expression profiles of somatotropic axis genes in chickens. PLoS One, 13(4), e0195378. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0195378
Kalashnikov, V., Zajcev, A., Atroshchenko, M., Kalinkova, L., Kalashnikova, T., Miroshnikov, S., Frolov, A., & Zav’yalov, O. (2018). The content of essential and toxic elements in the hair of the mane of the trotter horses depending on their speed. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 25(22), 21961-21967. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-2334-2 EDN: https://elibrary.ru/YBUALJ
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Meyer, J., Novak, M., Hamel, A., & Rosenberg, K. (2014). Extraction and analysis of cortisol from human and monkey hair. J Vis Exp, 24(83), e50882. https://doi.org/10.3791/50882
Miroshnikov, S., Kharlamov, A., Zavyalov, O., Frolov, A., Duskaev, G., Bolodurina, I., & Arapova, O. (2015). Method of sampling beef cattle hair for assessment of elemental profile. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 14(9), 632-636. https://doi.org/10.3923/pjn.2015.632.636 EDN: https://elibrary.ru/UZXNBR
Miroshnikov, S., Zavyalov, O., Frolov, A., Bolodurina, I., Skalny, A., Kalashnikov, V., Grabeklis, A., & Tinkov, A. (2017). The Reference Intervals of Hair Trace Element Content in Hereford Cows and Heifers (Bos Taurus). Biological trace element Research, 180(1), 456-462. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-017-0991-5 EDN: https://elibrary.ru/XNCEKI
Miroshnikov, S. A., Zavyalov, O. A., Frolov, A. N., Skalny, A. V., & Grabeklis, A. R. (2020). The reference values of hair content of trace elements in dairy cows of holstein breed. Biological Trace Element Research, 194(1), 145-151. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-019-01768-6 EDN: https://elibrary.ru/PILFQC
Peric, T., Comin, A., Corazzin, M., Montillo, M., Cappa, A., Campanile, G., & Prandi, A. (2013). Short communication: hair cortisol concentrations in Holstein-Friesian and crossbreed F1 heifers. J Dairy Sci, 96(5), 3023-3027. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2012-6151 EDN: https://elibrary.ru/YDIAGD
Rezaei, R., Wu, Z., Hou, Y., Bazer, F. W., & Wu, G. (2016). Amino acids and mammary gland development: nutritional implications for milk production and neonatal growth. J Anim Sci Biotechnol, 2(7), 20. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40104-016-0078-8 EDN: https://elibrary.ru/YDFGZI
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Asimov, G. J., & Krouze, N. K. (1937). The lactogenic preparations from the anterior pituitary and the increase of milk yield in cows. J Dairy Sci, 20, 289-306.
Aytac, A. K., Bilal, A. K., & Davut, B. (2015). Determination of the alui polymorphism effect of bovine growth hormone gene on carcass traits in Zavot cattle with analysis of covariance. Turk J Vet Anim Sci, 39, 16-22.
Baier, F., Grandin, T., Engle, T., & Edwards-Callaway, L. (2019). Evaluation of Hair Characteristics and Animal Age on the Impact of Hair Cortisol Concentration in Feedlot Steers. Front Vet Sci, 6, 323. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2019.00323
Berryman, D. E., & List, E. O. (2017). Growth Hormone’s effect on adipose tissue: quality versus quantity. Int J Mol Sci, 8, 1621.
Braun, U., Michel, N., Baumgartner, M. R., Hässig, M., & Binz, T. M. (2017). Cortisol concentration of regrown hair and hair from a previously unshorn area in dairy cows. Res Vet Sci, 114, 412-415. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rvsc.2017.07.005
Bristow, D. J., & Holmes, D. S. (2007). Cortisol levels and anxiety-related behaviors in cattle. Phys Behav, 90, 626-638. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2006.11.015
Brown-Borg, H. M. (2009). Hormonal control of aging in rodents: the somatotropic axis. Mol Cell Endocrinol, 299, 64-71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mce.2008.07.001
Burnard, C., Ralph, C., Hynd, P., Hocking Edwards, J., & Tilbrook, A. (2017). Hair cortisol and its potential value as a physiological measure of stress response in human and non-human animals. Anim Prod Sci, 57, 401-414. https://doi.org/10.1071/AN15622
Burnett, T. A., Madureira, A. M., Silper, B. F., Tahmasbi, A., Nadalin, A., Veira, D. M., & Cerri, R. L. (2015). Relationship of concentrations of cortisol in hair with health, biomarkers in blood, and reproductive status in dairy cows. J Dairy Sci, 98(7), 4414-4426. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2014-8871
Bush, J. A., Wu, G., Suryawan, A., Nguyen, H. V., & Davis, T. A. (2002). Somatotropin-induced amino acid conservation in pigs involves differential regulation of liver and gut urea cycle enzyme activity. The Journal of Nutrition, 132(1), 59-67. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/132.1.59
Cantalapiedra-Hijar, G., Abo-Ismail, M., Carstens, G. E., Guan, L. L., Hegarty, R., Kenny, D. A., McGee, M., Plastow, G., Relling, A., & Ortigues-Marty, I. (2018). Review: Biological determinants of between-animal variation in feed efficiency of growing beef cattle. Animal, 12(s2), 321-335. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1751731118001489
Carrell, R. C., Smith, W. B., Kinman, L. A., Mercadante, V. R. G., Dias, N. W., & Roper, D. A. (2021). Cattle stress and pregnancy responses when imposing different restraint methods for conducting fixed time artificial insemination. Anim Reprod Sci, 225, 106672. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anireprosci.2020.106672 EDN: https://elibrary.ru/FSFANM
Comin, A., Prandi, A., Peric, T., Corazzin, M., Dovier, S., & Bovolenta, S. (2011). Hair cortisol levels in dairy cows from winter housing to summer highland grazing. Livest Sci, 138, 69-73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2010.12.009
Dehkhoda, F., Lee, C. M. M., Medina, J., & Brooks, A. J. (2018). The growth hormone receptor: mechanism of receptor activation, cell signaling, and physiological aspects. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne), 9, 35. https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2018.00035
Devesa, J., Almengló, C., & Devesa, P. (2016). Multiple Effects of Growth Hormone in the Body: Is it Really the Hormone for Growth? Clin Med Insights Endocrinol Diabetes, 9, 47-71. https://doi.org/10.4137/CMED.S38201
Dumbell, R. (2022). An appetite for growth: The role of the hypothalamic-pituitary-growth hormone axis in energy balance. J Neuroendocrinol, 34(6), e13133. https://doi.org/10.1111/jne.13133 EDN: https://elibrary.ru/UVOOVW
Flores, J., García, J. E., Mellado, J., Gaytán, L., de Santiago, Á., & Mellado, M. (2019). Effect of growth hormone on milk yield and reproductive performance of subfertile Holstein cows during extended lactations. Spanish J. Agric. Res, 17(11), e0403. https://doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2019171-13842 EDN: https://elibrary.ru/REWXBZ
Florini, J. R., Ewton, D. Z., & Coolican, S. A. (1996). Growth hormone and the insulin-like growth factor system in myogenesis. Endocr Rev, 17, 481-517. https://doi.org/10.1210/edrv-17-5-481
Furigo, I. C., Teixeira, P. D. S., & de Souza, G. O. (2019). Growth hormone regulates neuroendocrine responses to weight loss via AgRP neurons. Nat Commun, 1, 662. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-08607-1 EDN: https://elibrary.ru/HMFRHT
Ghassemi Nejad, J., Lee, B. H., Kim, J. Y., Chemere, B., Sung, K. I., & Lee, H. G. (2021). Effect of alpine grazing on plasma and hair cortisol, serotonin, and DHEA in dairy cows and its welfare impact. Domest Anim Endocrinol, 75, 106581. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.domaniend.2020.106581 EDN: https://elibrary.ru/NFZMZK
Gómez, C. A., Fernández, M., Franco, N., & Cueva, R. (2022). Effect of two formulations of recombinant bovine somatotropin on milk production and body condition of cattle under intensive management in Peru. Trop Anim Health Prod, 54(2), 96. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-021-03036-z EDN: https://elibrary.ru/MZNKYE
Gow, R., et al. (2010). An assessment of cortisol analysis in hair and its clinical applications. Forensic science international, 196(1-3), 32-37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2009.12.040
Heimbürge, S., Kanitz, E., Tuchscherer, A., & Otten, W. (2020). Within a hair’s breadth — Factors influencing hair cortisol levels in pigs and cattle. Gen Comp Endocrinol, 1(288), 113359. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygcen.2019.113359
Holzer, Z., Aharoni, Y., Brosh, A., Orlov, A., Veenhuizen, J., & Kasser, T. R. (1999). The effects of long-term administration of recombinant bovine somatotropin (Posilac) and Synovex on performance, plasma hormone and amino acid concentration, and muscle and subcutaneous fat fatty acid composition in Holstein-Friesian bull calves. Journal of Animal Science, 77(6), 1422-1430. https://doi.org/10.2527/1999.7761422x
Jia, J., Ahmed, I., Liu, L., Liu, Y., Xu, Z., Duan, X., Li, Q., Dou, T., Gu, D., Rong, H., Wang, K., Li, Z., Talpur, M. Z., Huang, Y., & Wang, S., et al. (2018). Selection for growth rate and body size have altered the expression profiles of somatotropic axis genes in chickens. PLoS One, 13(4), e0195378. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0195378
Kalashnikov, V., Zajcev, A., Atroshchenko, M., Kalinkova, L., Kalashnikova, T., Miroshnikov, S., Frolov, A., & Zav’yalov, O. (2018). The content of essential and toxic elements in the hair of the mane of the trotter horses depending on their speed. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 25(22), 21961-21967. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-2334-2 EDN: https://elibrary.ru/YBUALJ
Levakhin, V. I., Gorlov, I. F., Azhmuldinov, E. A., Levakhin, Yu. I., Duskaev, G. K., Zlobina, E. Yu., & Karpenko, E. V. (2017). Change in physiological parameters of calves of various breeds under the transport and preslaughter stress. Nusantara Bioscience, 9(1), 1-5. https://doi.org/10.13057/nusbiosci/n090101 EDN: https://elibrary.ru/ZVTZPJ
Meyer, J., Novak, M., Hamel, A., & Rosenberg, K. (2014). Extraction and analysis of cortisol from human and monkey hair. J Vis Exp, 24(83), e50882. https://doi.org/10.3791/50882
Miroshnikov, S., Kharlamov, A., Zavyalov, O., Frolov, A., Duskaev, G., Bolodurina, I., & Arapova, O. (2015). Method of sampling beef cattle hair for assessment of elemental profile. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 14(9), 632-636. https://doi.org/10.3923/pjn.2015.632.636 EDN: https://elibrary.ru/UZXNBR
Miroshnikov, S., Zavyalov, O., Frolov, A., Bolodurina, I., Skalny, A., Kalashnikov, V., Grabeklis, A., & Tinkov, A. (2017). The Reference Intervals of Hair Trace Element Content in Hereford Cows and Heifers (Bos Taurus). Biological trace element Research, 180(1), 456-462. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-017-0991-5 EDN: https://elibrary.ru/XNCEKI
Miroshnikov, S. A., Zavyalov, O. A., Frolov, A. N., Skalny, A. V., & Grabeklis, A. R. (2020). The reference values of hair content of trace elements in dairy cows of holstein breed. Biological Trace Element Research, 194(1), 145-151. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-019-01768-6 EDN: https://elibrary.ru/PILFQC
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