Neurophysiological correlates of processing significant auditory information in young people with myopia 17-19 years old
Abstract
Background. Myopia in young people causes a relative deficit in the receipt of visual afferent information, as well as compensatory tension of neurophysiological mechanisms of processing auditory information at the level of the neocortex. The high rates of digitalization of education and lifestyle among young people, especially the first year of university studies, exacerbate not only the risk of myopia progression, but also the stress of information processing processes. It is important to identify neurophysiological correlates of stress in auditory information processing processes as potential neuromarkers of the risk of cognitive impairment in myopes.
Purpose. To study the characteristics of cognitive evoked potentials (VP) of P300 in young people aged 17-19 with myopia.
Materials and methods. 96 people, 66 girls and 30 boys participated in the study. The average age of the participants was 18.3±0.1 years. 37 participants without ophthalmopathology and 59 people with an established diagnosis of "myopia" from among the students of the medical University of Arkhangelsk. The participants were assessed for uncorrected and maximally corrected visual acuity, the value of clinical refraction (in diopters), qualitative changes, as well as the margin of relative accommodation (in diopters). The latency and amplitude of the components of cognitive auditory VP R300 were determined using the NeuronSpectr-4/VPM electroencephalograph (Neurosoft, Russia). The obtained results were processed using the statistical software package SPSS.
Results. In myopes aged 17-19 years, compared with people without ophthalmopathology, the decision-making time (latency of the P3 component) in the left frontal and parietal regions of the brain is longer, and the peak amplitude of the P3 component in the left frontal and central parts of the brain is increased. The amplitude parameters of the N2-P3 component in individuals with myopia in the occipital regions of the brain were higher than in healthy participants (statistically significantly on the right) with significant differences in the severity of the anterior–posterior gradient of the amplitudes of the P2-N2 component in myopes and healthy individuals.
Conclusion. In myopes aged 17-19 years, an elongation of decision-making time was revealed with the involvement of a larger amount of neuronal resources, including the resources of the visual and posterior temporal cortex of the brain, when perceiving and recognizing significant auditory information in comparison with ophthalmologically healthy individuals.
EDN: NIGFMJ
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References
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Copyright (c) 2025 Roman N. Zelentsov, Irina S. Kozhevnikova, Liliya V. Poskotinova
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