О влиянии малых молекул растительного происхождения на пищеварительные процессы в рубце крупного рогатого скота in situ
Аннотация
Обоснование. Отказ от антибиотиков в животноводстве побуждает к поиску новых более эффективных альтернатив, одной из которых являются фитохимические вещества – малые молекулы с выраженным биоактивным действием.
Цель исследования – анализ влияния транс-коричного альдегида, 7-гидроксикумарина, дигидрокверцетина и ванилина, а также их комбинаций на метаболические процессы в рубце жвачных: переваримость сухого вещества, обмен азота, синтез летучих жирных кислот и метана, целлюлозолитическую и амилолитическую активность микрофлоры, углеводный обмен.
Материалы и методы. В статье рассмотрены физиологические свойства дигидрокверцетина, 7-гидроксикумарина, ванилина и транс-коричного альдегида, как действующих веществ из экстрактов некоторых растений. Проведена их аттестация по методу «in situ» на бычках породы казахская белоголовая, включая определение переваримости сухого вещества корма (метод нейлоновых мешочков), динамики концентраций метана и летучих жирных кислот (газовая хроматография), форм азота (метод Кьельдаля), амилолитической и целлюлозолитической активности (ручной метод) микробиоты.
Результаты. Исследуемые фитобиотические вещества способствуют повышению переваримости сухого вещества кормового субстрата in situ в диапазоне от +5,5 % до +12,8 %, модулируют амилолитическую и целлюлозолитическую активность, дигидрокверцетин и его комплекс с ванилином обладает максимальным потенцирующим эффектом в выработке летучих жирных кислот. Ванилин, дигидрокверцетин и транскоричный альдегид нивелируют выработку CH4.
Заключение. Проведенные исследования демонстрируют существенный потенциал транс-коричного альдегида, ванилина, 7-гидроксикумарина, дигидрокверцетина и их комбинаций в качестве модификаторов ферментативных процессов в рубце.
Информация о спонсорстве. Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке Российского научного фонда № 22-76-10008 https://rscf.ru/project/22-76-10008/
EDN: GPFIRS
Скачивания
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