Evaluation of the nematicidal effect of biodegradable polymer-based granules containing isothiocyanates on Globodera rostochiensis
Abstract
Background. Golden potato cyst nematode (Globodera rostochiensis, GPCN) is a dangerous quarantine pest of potato, and efficacy of usual nematicides is often limited. One is possible solutions is development of formulations with gradual and controlled release of active ingredients by their encapsulation into biodegradable carriers. Isothiocyanates (ITCs) have been previously shown as effective nematicides.
Purpose. The aim of this work was to develop and study granules composed of polycaprolactone (PCL) and bentonite loaded with ITCs (allyl isothiocyanate (AITC), benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC), and 2-phenylethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC)) against GPCN for soil application.
Materials and methods. Granules of poly-ε-caprolactone with bentonite containing ITCs as nematicide agents were obtained by extrusion. The encapsulation efficiency of ITCs was determined by chromatography. Efficacy of the granules against GPCN was assessed in vitro by mortality of nematodes and in laboratory soil ecosystem on potato plants of two varieties, ‘Krasnoyarsky Ranniy’ and ‘Innovator’, by yield assessment.
Results. In vitro experiments confirmed the efficacy of PCL/bentonite/isothiocyanate granules in inhibiting the development of second-stage juveniles (J2) of GPCN. The PCL/(PEITC/bentonite) granules achieved 100% nematode mortality within 48 hours, acting 1 to 2 times faster than those containing BITC or AITC. In soil experiments with potato plants, treatment with the PCL/(PEITC/bentonite) granules reduced the number of cysts on roots by 4.2–5.0 times relative to the control; a result was comparable to that of the commercial reference product ‘Vydate® 5G’. Application of the PCL/(PEITC/bentonite) granules enhanced the yield of the 'Innovator' potato variety.
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Khan, M. R., Majid, S., Mohidin, F. A., & Khan, N. (2011). A new bioprocess to produce low cost powder formulations of biocontrol bacteria and fungi to control fusarial wilt and root-knot nematode of pulses. Biological Control, 59(2), 130–140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2011.04.007.
Lewicka, K., Dobrzynski, P., & Rychter, P. (2020). PLAGA-PEG-PLAGA terpolymer-based carriers of herbicides for potential application in environment-friendly, controlled release systems of agrochemicals. Materials, 13(12), 2778. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13122778. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/XCPRAD
Mahajan, R. (2024). Bio-nanocomposites for controlled agrochemical release. In Nanocomposites for environmental, energy and agricultural applications (pp. 1–35). https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.23079.32163.
Maruyama, T., Ishibashi, Y., Sano, M., Yoshimura, H., & Taguchi, Y. (2024). Simulation and application assessment of the efficacy of fosthiazate-loaded microcapsules against root-knot nematode. Pest Management Science, 80(10), 5078–5087. https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.8231. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/QLLESS
Motloung, M. P., Mofokeng, T. G., & Ray, S. S. (2023). Effects of urea loading on soil biodegradation properties of melt-processed polycaprolactone-based composites for potential application in agriculture. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 140(17), e53505. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.53505. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/TJYEZV
Mwangi, N. G., Stevens, M., Wright, A. J., Edwards, S. G., Hare, M. C., & Back, M. A. (2024). Sensitivity of stubby root nematodes (Trichodorus and Paratrichodorus spp.) to isothiocyanates associated with Brassicaceae in an in vitro assay. Nematology, 26(2), 203–210. https://doi.org/10.1163/15685411-bja10302. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/MCSSCF
Oliveira, H. C., Stolf-Moreira, R., Martinez, C. B. R., Grillo, R., de Jesus, M. B., & Fraceto, L. F. (2015). Nanoencapsulation enhances the post-emergence herbicidal activity of atrazine against mustard plants. PLoS ONE, 10(7), e0132971. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0132971.
Park, H. W., Kim, H. H., Youn, S. H., Shin, T. S., Bilgrami, A. L., Cho, M. R., & Shin, C. S. (2012). Biological control potentials of insect-parasitic nematode Rhabditis blumi (Nematoda: Rhabditida) for major cruciferous vegetable insect pests. Applied Entomology and Zoology, 47(4), 389–397. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13355-012-0131-9. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/POTHOJ
Patil, J. A., Kumar, A., Yadav, S., & Verma, K. K. (2020). Nematicidal effect of cruciferous bio-fumigants against the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita infesting okra. Journal of Nematology, 52, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.21307/jofnem-2020-080.
Sathiyabama, M., & Muthukumar, S. (2020). Chitosan guar nanoparticle preparation and its in vitro antimicrobial activity towards phytopathogens of rice. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 153, 297–304. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.03.001. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/DAERAN
Singh, G., Ramadass, K., Sooriyakumar, P., Hettithanthri, O., Vithange, M., Bolan, N., Tavakkoli, E., Van Zwieten, L., & Vinu, A. (2022). Nanoporous materials for pesticide formulation and delivery in the agricultural sector. Journal of Controlled Release, 343, 187–206. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.01.036. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/PUHZMS
de Souza, A. G., dos Santos, N. M. A., da Silva Torin, R. F., & dos Santos Rosa, D. (2020). Synergic antimicrobial properties of carvacrol essential oil and montmorillonite in biodegradable starch films. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 164, 1737–1747. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.07.226. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/KVMHTJ
Sukhanova, A. A., Boyandin, A. N., Ertiletskaya, N. L., & Churakov, A. A. (2024). Obtaining and study of biodegradable granules loaded with oxamyl as eco-friendly preparation for Globodera rostochiensis control. Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection, 131(6), 2017–2027. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41348-024-00945-7. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/HAPABM
Viscusi, G., & Gorrasi, G. (2021). Gelatin beads/hemp hurd as pH sensitive devices for delivery of eugenol as green pesticide. Journal of Polymers and the Environment, 29(11), 3756–3769. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10924-021-02148-9. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/QCFVQD
Volova, T., Zhila, N., Vinogradova, O., Shumilova, A., Prudnikova, S., & Shishatskaya, E. (2016). Characterization of biodegradable poly-3-hydroxybutyrate films and pellets loaded with the fungicide tebuconazole. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 23, 5243–5254. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-015-5739-1. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/WNZVIZ
Wood, C., Kenyon, D. M., & Cooper, J. M. (2017). Allyl isothiocyanate shows promise as a naturally produced suppressant of the potato cyst nematode, Globodera pallida, in biofumigation systems. Nematology, 19(4), 389–402. https://doi.org/10.1163/15685411-00003054.
Yang, L., Wang, Y., Liang, Y., Deng, H., Wang, J., Dai, Y., Guo, F., Zhou, H., Li, S., & Ding, W. (2024). pH-responsive bentonite nanoclay carriers control the release of benzothiazolinone to restrain bacterial wilt disease. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 198, 105754. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105754. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/OIMKOT
Zhao, M., Zhou, H., Hao, L., Chen, H., & Zhou, X. (2021). Natural rosin modified carboxymethyl cellulose delivery system with lowered toxicity for long-term pest control. Carbohydrate Polymers, 259, 117749. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.117749. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/IWRKME
Copyright (c) 2026 Anna A. Sukhanova, Kristina E. Zabolotnaya, Andrei A. Churakov, Sergei N. Syrtsov, Elena V. Brilkova, Anatoly N. Boyandin
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