Clinical-epidemiological characteristics of the spreading of unilocular echinococcosis among the population of the Republic of Azerbaijan
Abstract
Background. According to WHO, echinococcosis is annually registered in 5-7 million people worldwide and is a global sanitary and hygienic problem for the biosphere, resorts, recreational complexes and densely populated megacities.
Purpose. The study is to study the frequency and clinical and epidemiological features of unilocular echinococcosis among the population of the Republic of Azerbaijan.
Material and methods. Statistical materials of 423 patients with echinococcosis throughout the country, obtained from the electronic surveillance system for infectious diseases for 2016-2023, were analyzed. There were no patients in the age ranges of 0-1, 1-4 years. Among the patients, there were 29 people (6.8 ± 4.7%) aged 5-13 years, 22 (5.2 ± 4.7%) aged 14-17 years and 361 (85.3 ± 1.8%) aged 18 years and older.
Results. Of all patients, 311 (73.5±2.5%) were rural residents. In 2016, 3 (7.5±15.2%) patients were 5–13 years old, the rest were 18 years and older. Of these, 27 (67.5±9.2%) were rural residents. In 2017, 1 (1.8±13.3%) patient was 1–4 years old, 7 (12.5±12.5%) patients were 5–13, 2 (3.6±13.2%) patients were 14–17 years old, and 46 (82.2±3.7%) patients were over 18 years old. 75% of patients were rural residents. In 2018, 2 (2.6±11.3%) patients were 1-4 years old, 11 (14.5±10.6%) patients were 5-13 years old, 3 (3.9±11.2%) patients were 14-17 years old, and 70 (92.1±3.2%) patients were over 18 years old. 57 (75±5.3%) patients were rural residents. In 2019, 2 (3.2±12.4%) patients were 1-4 years old, 11 (17.4±11.4%) patients were 5-13 years old, 8 (12.7±11.7%) patients were 14-17 years old, and 47 (74.6±6.3%) patients were over 18 years old. 46 (73±6.5%) patients were rural residents. In total, 37 patients were registered in the republic in 2020. Of these, 17 (45.9±12.1%) were men, 20 (54.1±11.1%) were women. Of these, 32 (86.5±6.0%) patients were rural residents. 4 (10.8±15.5%) patients were aged 0-17 years when analyzing patients identified in 2020. Among them, 1 (2.7±12.8%) person was aged 5-13 years, 3 (8.1±15.8%) - aged 14-17 years
Conclusion. For 2016-2022, the absence of pulmonary echinococcosis and a widespread form was established among patients of the M.A. Mirgasimov Republican Clinical Hospital. In this hospital, liver echinococcosis was detected in large numbers, and abdominal echinococcosis was detected in very rare cases. As in the M.A. Topchibashov National Center of Surgery, the number of patients who applied here in 2020 was significantly less than in other years.
EDN: VUWDEN
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