Application of phytopreparation in mixed infections in laboratory animals and for correction of reproductive function disorders

Abstract

Background. Currently, when studying reproductive function pathologies in both humans and animals, special attention is paid to disorders in this area in the case of infectious and parasitic diseases. It is known that reproductive functions are affected not only by the presence of a pathogenic agent, but also by disorders of immune homeostasis.

The purpose of this study is  study smears from the testicles of sexually mature male Wistar rats with induced immunodeficiency when it is corrected with a plant complex, and to determine changes in the development of embryos of pregnant mice and rats infected with helminths when this drug is used..

Materials and methods. To study the effect of helminthiasis on the reproductive system of females, we selected non-pedigree white mice aged 3.5-4.5 months (females weighing 23.5±1.15 g) that were infected with helminths. We then prepared smears from the testicles of 8-month-old male Wistar white rats that were injected with dexamethasone and then treated with a plant complex. The obtained smears were examined under a 200-fold magnification, and the data were processed using standard MS Excel and Statgraphics software packages. The nonparametric Mann-Whitney U-test was used to assess the homogeneity of the groups and the significance of the differences between the mean values. The level of statistical significance for the differences between the compared samples was set at p<0.05.

Results. The conducted comparative studies on the determination of the embryotoxicity of the phytopharmaceutical allow us to conclude that it is absent and the possibility of using phytoanthelmintics based on cladonia. In the morphological study of smears-imprints of the testicles in rats in a state of immunosuppression, it was found that the number of normal spermatozoa in immunosuppression was 5.3 +2.3, in the control group their number was significantly higher (38.2+15.5). At the same time, in the group of rats that received the drug, the number of spermatozoa increased to 12.5+7.3. The results of smear studies in various groups of male rats show that the administration of a drug made from plants with antiparasitic properties based on cladonia and a calcium source called Ultramel reduces destructive changes in spermatozoa and spermatogenic epithelium when dexamethasone is administered. The drug is effective in reproducing spermatogenesis disorders in cases of immunodeficiency, as it has a stabilizing effect on spermatogenesis (mitoses were observed, which were absent in the group that did not receive the drug, but were characteristic of spermatogenesis in the control group of rats). As a result of the conducted experiment, in addition to the confirmed effect of the herbal composition, it was found that modeling immunodeficiency using maximum daily doses of dexamethasone is quite effective. This model can be successfully used to study the effects of immunostimulants of various origins, including plant-based ones, such as the use of a plant complex and the Ultramel preparation.

Conclusion. Studies of the possibilities of protecting the reproductive system in helminthiasis and modeling of immunodeficiency using maximum daily doses of dexamethasone showed the effectiveness of the use of phytopreparations based on mechanically processed lichen. The absence of embryotoxic and teratogenic effects of this drug in laboratory Wistar rats was established and the possibility of correction of disorders of spermatogenesis was demonstrated.