IDENTIFICATION OF FACTORS DETERMINING MICROBIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF BIOCENOSIS
Abstract
It is important to establish methods and approaches that ensure phytosanitary recovery of agrocenoses. Phytosanitary recovery of agroecosystems of fodder crops is possible by pre-treatment of seeds, application of mineral and organomineral fertilizers in order to increase resistance of plants to diseases and soil suppressiveness to phytopathogens. The aim of the research was to establish the influence of mineral, organomineral fertilizers and preparations for pre-treatment of seeds on the microbiological activity and suppressiveness of the soil in the rhizosphere of spring barley, peas and spring rapeseed. Field and laboratory studies were carried out on the pilot field and in the laboratories of the FSBOU VO Kurgan GSHA from 2001-2020. Studies have found that the introduction of mineral fertilizers into the soil changed the number of the main ecological-trophic groups of microorganisms in the rhizosphere of plants (bacteria that absorb organic and mineral forms of nitrogen, nitrifiers, cellulose-decomposing and denitrifying bacteria, oligonitrophilic and nitrogen-fixing bacteria). When introducing mineral fertilizers, an increase in cellulosic, proteolytic, catalase, invertase and total biological activity of the soil was noted. When introducing mineral fertilizers in the rhizosphere of spring barley, soil suppressiveness increased to 56.7-63.2% in relation to root rot pathogens. There was a negative correlation between soil suppression and the development of root rot of spring barley, which was -0.93, the regression equation was as follows: y = 47.08-0.05x. Soil suppressiveness against pea fusariosis pathogens increased with the introduction of mineral fertilizers by 32.2-46.0%. The correlation between soil suppression, development of pea fusariosis was -0.90, respectively, the regression equations were as follows: y = 54.11-0.05x. Soil suppressiveness against root rot pathogens and rapeseed fusariosis increased to 43.7-48.4% or 2.2-2.3 times compared with control.
Downloads
References
Gorobey I.M., Konyaeva N.M. Bolezni zernobobovykh kul’tur i ikh fitosanitarnyy kontrol’ v Zapadnoy Sibiri [Diseases of leguminous crops and their phytosanitary control in Western Siberia]. Novosibirsk: Publishing House of the State Scientific Institution of the Siberian Agricultural Academy of the Russian Agricultural Academy, 2014, 163 p.
Dolzhenko V.I. Plodorodie, 2018, no. 1 (100), pp. 24-26.
Dospekhov B.A. Metodika polevogo opyta: s osnovami statisticheskoy obrabotki rezul’tatov issledovaniy [Field experience methodology: with the basics of statistical processing of research results]. Moscow: Agropromizdat, 1985, 351 p.
Zakharenko V.A. Agrokhimiya, 2016, no. 4, pp. 25-36.
Komarova O.P. Izvestiya Nizhnevolzhskogo agrouniversitetskogo kompleksa: Nauka i vysshee professional’noe obrazovanie, 2021, no. 1(61), pp. 144-152. https://doi.org/10.32786/2071-9485-2021-01-14
Metody pochvennoy mikrobiologii i biokhimii [Methods of soil microbiology and biochemistry] / ed. D.G. Zvyagintsev. M.: Publishing House of Moscow State University, 1980, 224 p.
Pavlyushin V.A., Lysov A.K. Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa, 2019, vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 69-78. https://doi.org/10.21046/2070-7401-2019-16-3-69-78
Patent No. 2568913 C1 Russian Federation, IPC G01N 33/00. Method for determining the suppressiveness of the soil: No. 2014126924/15: Appl. 07/01/2014: publ. November 20, 2015 / E. Yu. Toropova, A. A. Kirichenko; applicant Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education Novosibirsk State Agrarian University.
Sanin S.S. 50 let na strazhe prodovol’stvennoy bezopasnosti strany. Yubileynyy sb. tr. RASKhN, VNIIF [50 years on guard of the country’s food security. Anniversary Sat. tr. RAAS, VNIIF]. Bol’shie Vyazemy: VNIIF, 2008, pp. 602-624.
Chulkina V.A., Toropova E.Yu., Pavlova O.I. et al. Zashchita i karantin rasteniy, 2008, no. 9, pp. 18-21.
Sukhanova S.F. Ptitsevodstvo, 2010, no. 6, pp. 23-24.
Sukhanova S.F., Gryaznov A.A. Ptitsevodstvo, 2012, no. 6, pp. 26-28.
Toropova E.Yu., Chulkina V.A., Stetsov G.Ya. Zashchita i karantin rasteniy, 2010, no. 1, pp. 26-27.
Toropova E.Yu., Vorob’eva I.G., Ryabova A.A. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK, 2009, no. 4, pp. 18-19.
Toropova E.Yu., Kudryavtsev A.E., Stetsov G.Ya., Selyuk M.P. Agrokhimiya, 2020, no. 5, pp. 3-11. https://doi.org/10.31857/S0002188120050166
Chulkina V.A., Medvedchikov V.M., Toropova E.Yu. et al. Zashchita i karantin rasteniy, 2007, no. 1, pp. 14-19.
Chulkina V.A., Toropova E.Yu., Stetsov G.Ya. Zashchita i karantin rasteniy, 2010, no. 12, pp. 12-15.
Shpanev A.M., Fesenko M.A., Smuk V V. Agrokhimiya, 2021, no. 1, pp. 12-22. https://doi.org/10.31857/S0002188121010099
Postovalov A.A. Pathogenic micromycetes feed crop rhizoplans. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science: The proceedings of the conference AgroCON-2019, Kurgan, April 18–19, 2019. Kurgan: IOP Publishing Ltd, 2019, 012158. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/341/1/012158
Postovalov A.A. Formation of Highly Productive Agrophytocenoses of Peas and Spring Rapeseed in Trans-Urals / A. Postovalov, S. Sukhanova, A. Plotnikov, S. Sazhina, A. Sozinov. International applied research conference «Biological Resources Development and Environmental Management», KnE Life Sciences, 2020, pp. 475-481. https://doi.org/10.18502/kls.v5i1.6109
Postovalov A.A. The role of mineral fertilizers for controlling spring barley root rot development. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, Omsk City, Western Siberia, 04–05 July 2020. Omsk City, Western Siberia, 2021, 012089. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/624/1/012089
Copyright (c) 2022 Alexey A. Postovalov, Svetlana F. Sukhanova, Yulia A. Kurskaya
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
