THE EFFECT OF HORMONAL TREATMENTS ON THE PREGNANCY RATES OF MARES
Abstract
To determine the effect of hormonal drugs on the pregnancy rates of mares, authors analyzed this indicator in natural (n=303) and stimulated cycles (n=170). They used cloprostenol preparations to shorten the diestral period, and human chorionic gonadotropin [hCG] to induce ovulation. Natural cycles are divided into groups, depending on the duration – normal and short (19–24 and 12–18 days, respectively). Stimulated cycles for the following groups: (1) short (8–18 days); (2) normal (19–24 days) with the use of cloprostenol and hCG; (3) normal – with the use of hCG only. Short, both natural and stimulated cycles, are divided into groups – with normal (4–6 days) and short estrus (2–3 days). The analysis of natural and stimulated cycles showed that the level of pregnancy rates in stimulated cycles (73.5%–80.8%) corresponds to this indicator in normal natural cycles (79.6%). In natural short cycles, the pregnancy rate significantly decreases (26.3% ± 7.1%). When analyzing short cycles, it turned out that, both in natural and stimulated cycles, the pregnancy rate depends on the length of the estrus and decreases in cycles with a short estrus. In general, the difference in pregnancy rates was 41.0% (p ≤ 0.001). In short stimulated cycles, with an estrus length of 4–6 days, the pregnancy rate is higher (91.5% ± 4.06%) than in cycles with an estrus of 2–3 days (51.7% ± 9.3%). Thus, the shortening of the estrous period in stimulated cycles has a significant effect on the pregnancy rate.
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References
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Coffman E. A., Pinto C. R. A review on the use of prostaglandin F 2α for controlling the estrous cycle in mares // Equine veterinary science, 2016, vol. 40, pp. 34–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2016.01.008
Cuervo-Arango J. The effect of cloprostenol on follicular development, ovulation, anovulation and pregnancy rate in the mare: Diss. cand. vet. sciences. Helsinki, 2010. 102 p.
Cuervo-Arango J., Newcombe J. R. Relationship between dose of cloprostenol and age of corpus luteum on the luteolytic response of early dioestrous mares: A field study // Reprod domest anim., 2012, vol. 47, pp. 660–665. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0531.2011.01940.x
Cuervo-Arango J., Newcombe J. R. The effect of hormone treatments (hCG and cloprostenol) and season on the incidence of hemorrhagic anovulatory follicles in the mare: A field study // Theriogenology, 2009, vol. 72, pp. 1262–1267. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2009.07.022
Cuervo-Arango J., Claes A. N., Ruijter-Villani M., Stout T. A. E. Likelihood of pregnancy after embryo transfer is reduced in recipient mares with a short preceding oestrus // Equine vet, 2018, vol. 50, no. 3, pp. 386–390. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/evj.12739
Davies Morel M. C. G., Newcombe J. R. The efficacy of different hCG dose rates and the effect of hCG treatment on ovarian activity: Ovulation, multiple ovulation, pregnancy, multiple pregnancy, synchrony of multiple ovulation; In the mare // Anim reprod sci., 2008, vol. 109, no. 1–4, pp. 189–199. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anireprosci.2007.10.005
Lebedeva L.F., Atroshchenko M.M., Naumenkova V.A., Solodova E.V. Comparative analysis of various technologies of breedings of horses // IOP conference series earth and environmental science, 2021, vol. 624, e012035. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/624/1/012035
Loy R. G., Buell J. R., Stevenson W., Hamm D. Sources of variation in response intervals after prostaglandin treatment in mares with functional corpora lutea // Reprod. fertil, 1979, vol. 27, pp. 229–235.
Mateu-Sánchez S., Newcombe J. R., Garcés-Narro C., Cuervo-Arango J. The period of the follicular phase during which the uterus of mares shows estrus-like echotexture influences the subsequent pregnancy rate // Theriogenology, 2016, vol. 86, no. 6, pp. 1506–1515. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.
Phetudomsinsuk K. Investigation into the effect of prostaglandin F2a, GnRH analogue and hCG on induction of ovulation in mares // Thai vet med, 2017, vol. 47, no. 4, pp. 493–499.
Pietrani M., Losinno L., Cuervo Arango J. Effect of the interval from prostaglandin F2alpha treatment to ovulation on reproductive efficiency rates in a commercial equine embryo transfer program // Equine veterinary science, 2019, vol. 78, pp. 123–126. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2019.04.006
Rubio C., Pinto C. R., Holland B. E. Anti-luteogenic and luteolytic effects of PGF2a during the post-ovulatory period in mares // Theriogenology, 2008, vol. 70, pp. 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2008.05.005
Samper J. C. Induction of estrus and ovulation: Why some mares respond and others do not // Theriogenology, 2008, vol. 70, pp. 445–447. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2008.04.040
Solodova E. The use of cloprostenol to reduce the diestral phase of the sexual cycle of mares // BIO web of conferences, 2021, vol. 36, e06009. https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20213606009
Siemieniuch M. D., Kozdrowski R., Szostek-Mioduchowska A. Z., Raś A., Nowak M. Evidence for increased content of PGF2a, PGE2, and 6- keto-PGF1a in endometrial tissue cultures from heavy draft mares in anestrus with endometritis // Domestic animal endocrinology, 2016, vol. 55, pp. 114–122. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2019.02.014
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