INFLUENCE OF CLIMATIC FACTORS ON THE CROP OF WINTER WHEAT AND THE SPRING BARLEY IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE DRY STEPPE OF THE LOWER VOLGA REGION
Abstract
Background. Grain – food for both human and animals. Therefore, to increase grain production requires an increase in sowing areas. With the help of programs, you can calculate the amount of precipitation on a given yield and control the bioproductivity of grain crops on the bog. Studies were conducted in land use “Goro-Dichenskoye” Cadastral number 34:03:000000:6.
Purpose. To determine the influence of climatic factors (moisture availability, temperature) on the formation of the harvest of winter wheat and spring barley in the conditions of the dry-steppe zone of the Lower Volga region.
Materials and methods. Accounting and observations were: recommendation on the methodology for conducting observations and research in the fields of the NII of the Southeast, Saratov, 1973; Methods of experimental work B.A. Armorovov (Armpecov, 1985). The content of the total moisture in the soil is set by the thermostatic-weight method. Soil samples are taken on dynamic sites to a depth of 0-100 cm after 10 cm in three-time repetition. The breakdown of crops take into account the quantitative-weight method by overlapping (0.25 m2) in the cultures of solid sowing and (1 m2) in 10 places of the plots on two non-negative repairs. The number of weeds is determined by groups, as well as their weight in the cheese and air-dry state. Accounting for crop solid, daily.
Results. Studies have shown that in the dry-thermal zone of the Lower Volga region, meteorological conditions play an important role and affect the yield of grain crops. Cold autumn and low precipitation influenced the germination of winter wheat, and therefore on yield. The replenishment of moisture due to spring precipitation influenced the yield of the spring barley, where it varied from 18.0 c/ha to 32.0 c / ha. The sediments also influenced annual weeds, their numbers were fluid depending on the soil processing from 199 to 488 pcs/ha.
Conclusion. Studies have shown that the cultivation of the spring barley, depending on the developing conditions of the year, may be more economically appropriate in the conditions of the dry-steppe zone of light-chestnut soils of the Volgograd region.
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Seminchenko E.V. Influence of treatments on the productivity of grain crops in the conditions of the Lower Volga region. Bulgarian Journal of Crop Science, 2021, vol. 58(5), pp.78-84.
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