SPRING WHEAT PROTECTION TECHNIQUES IN ARID CONDITIONS OF THE LOWER VOLGA REGION OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Abstract
Justification. The article presents studies on the influence of the new generation of chemical and biological drugs for yield and quality of grain of spring wheat in the Nizhny Volga conditions. The object of research is the variety of spring wheat Kamyshinskaya 3, the E-lectures of the Federal Tax Service of Agroecology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Russia, Volgograd).Studies were wrapped in the experimental field of the Federal Tax Code of the Agroecology of the Russian Academy of Sciences according to the thematic plan. It was experimentally obtained that the processing of seeds of spring wheat with a tank mixture of BSKA-32.0 l/t+ potassium humate 1.0 l/t allows you to obtain the highest yield of spring wheat grain in the conditions of the experimental field of the Federal Tax Service of the Russian Academy of Sciences – 1.34 t/ha s. profitability of 69.0%.
The purpose of the work is to study the techniques of plant protection in adaptive systems of agriculture using the new generation chemical and biological drugs in conditions of light brown soils of the Lower Volga region.
Materials and research methods. The soil of the experimental site is light chestnut, with low gross nitrogen, the average content of movable phosphorus and an increased metabolic content. The content of organic broadcasts in the soil reaches 1.2-2.0%, pH = 7-8. All agrotechnical measures were performed according to the set deadlines. The main soil processing was carried out in the first decade of September to a depth of 20-22 cm. Intercession harrowing in two traces and pre-sow cultivation (spring). Sitting was carried out in early April, as the physical ripeness of the soil occurs, the norm of sowing 3.5 million pcs. seeds per 1 ha, Szhelka SZ 3.6. Phytosanitary inspection of plants was carried out in a way of the work program and the NIIR methodology in accordance with the recommendations [12].
Results. Processing of seeds with inshur perform, CS 0.5 l/t + biogumatekoss 0.25 l/t and BSKA-32.0 l/t + potassium humate 1.0 l/tmicated to increase the germination of seeds by 7% compared to with a control sample. The use of BSKA-3 2.0 l/t+ potassium humate 1.0 l/t decreased the amount of root rot to 16.5 % (control-21.6 %). Studies revealed the effectiveness of the use of Inshur Permor, CS 0.5 l/t + biogumatekoss 0.25 l/t and BSKA-32.0 l/t + potassium humate 1.0 l/t in an increase in yield indicators of 1.5 times. The same options turned out to be the most profitable in comparison with other prototypes.
Conclusion. The results of the studies indicate that during the production of spring wheat, the use of a bio-guum in a mixture with chemical retirers allows you to create optimal conditions for the growth and development of this culture. Scientific research has established that the use of a chemical retirement with biological products is a reserve to increase the biological and economic efficiency of the use of plant protection products, increasing the profitability of grain production.
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