PERFORMANCE OF CLONAL APPLE ROOTSTOCKS IN MOTHER PLANTATION AND ORCHARD UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF THE SOUTHERN CISBAIKALIA
Abstract
Background. The study of the performance of clonal apple rootstocks under the conditions of the Southern Cisbaikalia is of great importance for science and agriculture. It can expand our knowledge of plant adaptation to the specific climatic conditions of the region and provide valuable guidance for gardeners and nurserymen.
Purpose. To characterize the adaptive capabilities of clonal apple rootstocks of different geographical origins in the south of the Irkutsk region and assess the likelihood of their further use in horticulture of the region.
Materials and methods. All the studies were carried out in 2018-2021 at the collection plots of Siberian Institute of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences located in Irkutsk and in the Irkutsk district of the Irkutsk region.
The study of rootstocks in the mother plantation and variety/rootstock combinations in the orchard was carried out according to the Program and Methods for the Study of Varieties of Fruit, Berry and Nut Crops.
Results. The conducted fieldwork allowed assessing genotypes Arm-18 and K-2 as slightly winter-hardy. SCAC, Ural, Ural-2, 4-12, and E-56 were assessed as highly winter-hardy clonal rootstocks. The rest of the genotypes were assessed as winter-hardy.
All the clonal rootstocks used for grafting, except for the control (SCAC), were assessed as winter-hardy, SCAC - highly winter-hardy.
The Katyusha variety retained high winter hardiness when grafted onto all the genotypes of clonal rootstocks. The Prevoshodnoe variety retained high winter hardiness only when grafted onto SCAC; in other combinations it was rated as medium winter-hardy (onto clonal rootstock 70-6-8) and winter-hardy (onto the other rootstocks). The Raiskoe variety retained high winter hardiness on clonal rootstocks of genotypes 70-6-8, 62-396, and SCAC; on the other clonal rootstocks, it was assessed as winter-hardy. The Lada variety appeared to be winter-hardy on all the studied clonal rootstocks, despite the fact that this variety in the region is rated as highly winter-hardy.
Conclusion. The phenological observations showed that the climatic conditions of the studied region favour the complete passage of all phases of development of the studied genotypes of clonal rootstocks. The long-term study of field winter hardiness of clonal rootstocks showed that the majority of the studied genotypes were assessed as winter-hardy and promising for further study. The field tests were ensured by the artificial freezing experiments. All of that allowed identifying the most valuable clonal rootstocks for breeding in the Southern Cisbaikalia: E56, Ural, Ural 2, 4-12, and SCAC.
Downloads
References
Список литературы
Азаров О. И., Савин Е. З., Деменина Л. Г. Перспективные клоновые подвои яблони Волго-Уральского региона // Вестник Оренбургского государственного университета. 2015. № 1 (176). С. 120-123.
Журавлева А. В. Размножение клоновых подвоев яблони зелеными и одревесневшими черенками // Достижения науки и техники АПК. 2017. Т. 31, №. 12. С. 44-46.
Журавлева А. В. Влияние клоновых подвоев 54-118 и 62-396 на биометрические показатели саженцев яблони // Достижения науки и техники АПК. 2018. Т. 32, №. 11. С. 57-59. https://doi.org/10.24411/0235-2451-2018-11115
Журавлева А. В. Особенности размножения клоновых подвоев яблони зелеными черенками при использовании различных стимуляторов корнеобразования // Достижения науки и техники АПК. 2019. Т. 33, №. 12. С. 65-67. https://doi.org/10.24411/0235-2451-2019-11213
Красова Н. Г., Ожерельева З. Е., Галашева А. М. Оценка зимостойкости сортов яблони в слаборослом саду в полевых и лабораторных условиях // Селекция и сорторазведение садовых культур. 2007. С. 104-110.
Мережко О. Е. и др. Результаты изучения клоновых подвоев яблони в различных экологических условиях Волго-Уральского региона //Плодоводство и ягодоводство России. 2020. Т. 63, №. 1. С. 137-145. https://doi.org/10.31676/2073-4948-2020-63-137-145
Мурсалимова Г. Р. Интродукция генофонда клоновых подвоев и его использование при модернизации сортимента Приуралья // Известия Оренбургского государственного аграрного университета. 2014. № 6 (50). С. 149-152.
Мурсалимова Г. Р. Клоновые подвои яблони селекции Оренбургской опытной станции садоводства и виноградарства // Современное садоводство. 2019. № 2. С. 27-34. https://doi.org/10.24411/2312-6701-2019-10205
Мурсалимова Г. Р. Перспективный сорт слаборослого подвоя //Известия Оренбургского государственного аграрного университета. 2016. № 6 (62). С. 56-58.
Мурсалимова Г. Р. и др. Селекционная оценка подвоев яблони селекции оренбугской опытной станции садоводства и виноградарства на комплекс хозяйственно-ценных признаков растений // Бюллетень Оренбургского научного центра УрО РАН. 2014. № 4. С. 6.
Ожерельева З. Е., Красова Н. Г., Галашева А. М. Морозостойкость яблони на карликовых подвоях // Современное садоводство. 2016. № 2 (18). С. 35-41.
Пономаренко В. В., Пономаренко К. В. Генетические ресурсы яблони России как исходный материал для селекции подвоев // Достижения науки и инновации в садоводстве: мат. междунар. науч.-практ. конф. Мичуринск: Изд-во МичГАУ, 2009. С. 43-46.
Поух Е. В. Оценка интродуцированных клоновых подвоев яблони в маточнике в южной зоне плодоводства Республики Беларусь // Вестник БарГУ Серия «Биологические науки. Сельскохозяйственные науки». 2019. С. 124-124.
Программа и методика сортоизучения плодовых, ягодных и орехоплодных культур (Под общей редакцией академика РАСХН Е.Н. Седова и д.с/х.н. Т.П. Огольцовой). Орел: Изд-во Всероссийского научно-исследовательского института селекции плодовых культур. 1999. 608 с.
Помология: в 5-ти томах / Рос. Акад. с.-х. наук, Всерос. науч.-исслед. ин-т селекции плодовых культур; редкол.: Е.Н. Седов (глав. ред.) [и др.] Орел: ВНИИСПК, 2005 Т. 1: Яблоня. 2005. 575 с.
Раченко М.А., Шигарова А.М., Путилина Т.Е., Раченко Е.И. Перспективы промышленного садоводства в Южном Предбайкалье // Вестник РАСХН. 2013. № 3. С. 18-21.
Раченко М.А., Раченко А.М., Киселева Е.Н. Полевые и лабораторные испытания клоновых подвоев в Южном Предбайкалье // Вестник российской сельскохозяйственной науки. 2023. № 3. С. 53-57. https://doi.org/10.31857/2500-2082/2023/3/53-57
Савин Е. З., Мурсалимова Г. Р., Мережко О. Е. Выход клоновых подвоев яблони в зависимости от повреждения маточных кустов морозами в степных условиях Южного Урала // Проблемы садоводства в Среднем Поволжье: сб. тр. 2011. С. 234-244.
Савин Е. З., Березина Т. В. Результаты селекции клоновых подвоев яблони в условиях Среднего Поволжья // Инновационные тенденции и сорта для устойчивого развития современного садоводства. 2015. С. 196-221.
Савин Е. З., Березина Т. В., Логинчев Е. Размножение подвоев плодовых культур и выращивание саженцев в национальном парке "бузулукский бор" // Вестник Оренбургского государственного университета. 2018. № 3 (215). С. 120-127. https://doi.org/10.25198/1814-6457-215-120
Трунов Ю. В. и др. Перспективные клоновые подвои яблони для интенсивных садов // Садоводство и виноградарство. 2020. № 2. С. 34-40. https://doi.org/10.31676/0235-2591-2020-2-34-40
Bittenbender H. C., Howell G. S. Adaptation of the Spearman-Kärber Method for Estimating the T50 of Cold Stressed Flower Buds1 // Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science. 1974. Vol. 99, № 2. P. 187-190. https://doi.org/10.21273/JASHS.99.2.187
Di Vaio C. et al. Effect of interstock (M. 9 and M. 27) on vegetative growth and yield of apple trees (cv “Annurca”) // Scientia Horticulturae. 2009. Vol. 119, № 3. P. 270-274. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2008.08.019
Evans K. M. et al. Development of a new apple rootstock framework map // IX International Symposium on Integrating Canopy, Rootstock and Environmental Physiology in Orchard Systems 903. 2008. P. 69-74. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2011.903.4
Fazio G. et al. Implementation of molecular marker technologies in the Apple Rootstock Breeding program in Geneva-challenges and successes // IX International Symposium on Integrating Canopy, Rootstock and Environmental Physiology in Orchard Systems 903. 2008. P. 61-68. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2011.903.3
Holubowicz T., Cummins J. N., Forsline P. L. Responses of Malus clones to programmed low-temperature stresses in late winter // Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science. 1982. Vol. 107(3). P. 492-496. https://doi.org/10.21273/JASHS.107.3.492
Ikase L., Rubauskis E., Rezgale Z. Evaluation results of Finnish apple rootstocks In Latvia // Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences. 2017. Vol. 71, № 3. P. 132-136. https://doi.org/10.1515/prolas-2017-0023
Lindén L., Rita H., Suojala T. Logit models for estimating lethal temperatures in apple // HortScience. 1996. Vol. 31, № 1. P. 91-93.
Lisek, Jerzy. Frost damage of buds on one-year-old shoots of wine and table grapevine cultivars in central Poland following the winter of 2008/2009. 2009. P. 149-161.
Rachenko M. A. et al. The fruit of Siberian apple varieties as raw material for juice production // IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. IOP Publishing. 2020. Vol. 421, № 3. P. 032022. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/421/3/032022
Rachenko M. A., Rachenko A. M. Adaptation capabilities of apple trees in the Southern Baikal region // IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. IOP Publishing. 2021. Vol. 677, № 5. P. 052065. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/677/5/052065
Szalay L. et al. Changing of the flower bud frost hardiness in three Hungarian apricot cultivars // Horticultural Science. 2016. Vol. 43, № 3. P. 134. https://doi.org/10.17221/161/2015-HORTSCI
Univer N., Univer T., Tiirmaa K. Effect of five rootstocks on growth and yield of four apple cultivars in young orchard // Sodininkystė ir daržininkystė. 2006. Vol. 25. P. 192-198.
Wang J. et al. A new function of MbIAA19 identified to modulate malus plants dwarfing growth // Plants. 2023. Vol. 12, № 17. P. 3097. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12173097
Wrona D., Sadowski A. Comparison of 18 rootstocks for apple tree cv. 'Elise' in V planting system // Sodininkystė ir daržininkystė. 2006. Vol. 25. P. 144-150.
References
Azarov O. I., Savin E. E. Z., Demenina L. G. Prospective clonal rootstocks of apple trees of the Volga-Ural region. Bulletin of Orenburg State University, 2015, no. 1 (176), pp. 120-123.
Zhuravleva A. V. Propagation of clonal rootstocks of apple trees by green and woody cuttings. Achievements of science and technology of agroindustrial complex, 2017, vol. 31, no. 12, pp. 44-46.
Zhuravleva A. В. Influence of clonal rootstocks 54-118 and 62-396 on biometric parameters of apple tree seedlings. Achievements of science and technology of the agroindustrial complex, 2018, vol. 32, no. 11, pp. 57-59. https://doi.org/10.24411/0235-2451-2018-11115
Zhuravleva A. V. Features of propagation of apple clonal rootstocks by green cuttings when using different root formation stimulators. Achievements of science and technology of agroindustrial complex, 2019, vol. 33, no. 12, pp. 65-67. https://doi.org/10.24411/0235-2451-2019-11213
Krasova N. G., Ozherelieva Z. E., Galasheva A. M. Evaluation of winter hardiness of apple-tree varieties in low-growing orchard in field and laboratory conditions. Selection and variety breeding of horticultural crops, 2007, pp. 104-110.
Merezhko O. E. et al. Results of the study of apple clonal rootstocks in different ecological conditions of the Volga-Ural region. Horticulture and Berry Growing of Russia, 2020, vol. 63, no. 1, pp. 137-145. https://doi.org/10.31676/2073-4948-2020-63-137-145
Mursalimova G. R. Introduction of the gene pool of clonal rootstocks and its use in the modernization of variety in the Urals. Izvestiya Orenburgskogo State Agrarian University, 2014, no. 6 (50), pp. 149-152.
Mursalimova G. R. Clonal rootstocks of apple trees of selection of the Orenburg Experimental Station of Horticulture and Viticulture. Modern Horticulture, 2019, no. 2, pp. 27-34. https://doi.org/10.24411/2312-6701-2019-10205
Mursalimova G. R. Prospective variety of low-growing rootstock. Izvestiya Orenburgskogo State Agrarian University, 2016, no. 6 (62), pp. 56-58.
Mursalimova G. R. et al. Selective evaluation of apple rootstocks selection of the Orenburg experimental station of horticulture and viticulture on the complex of economically valuable plant traits. Bulletin of the Orenburg Scientific Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2014, no. 4, pp. 6.
Ozherelieva Z. E., Krasova N. G., Galasheva A. M. Frost resistance of apple trees on dwarf rootstocks. Modern Horticulture, 2016, no. 2 (18), pp. 35-41.
Ponomarenko V. V., Ponomarenko K. V. Genetic resources of Russian apple trees as source material for selection of rootstocks. Science achievements and innovations in horticulture: mat. of the international scientific and practical conference. Michurinsk: MichGAU Publ., 2009, pp. 43-46.
Poukh E. V. Evaluation of introduced clonal apple-tree rootstocks in the mother tree in the southern zone of fruit-growing in the Republic of Belarus. Bulletin of BarSU Series “Biological sciences. Agricultural sciences”, 2019, pp. 124-124.
Program and methodology of varietal studies of fruit, berry and nut crops (Under the general editorship of Academician of Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences E.N. Sedov and Dr. T.P. Ogoltsova). Orel: All-Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crops Breeding Publ., 1999, 608 с.
Pomology: in 5 volumes / Ros. Acad. of Agricultural Sciences, All-Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crops Breeding; editor: E.N. Sedov (chief editor). Sedov (chief editor) [and others]. Orel: VNIISPK, 2005. Vol. 1: Apple-tree, 2005, 575 p.
Rachenko M.A., Shigarova A.M., Putilina T.E., Rachenko E.I. Prospects for industrial horticulture in Southern Predbaikalia. Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2013, no. 3, pp. 18-21.
Rachenko MA, Rachenko AM, Kiseleva EN. Field and laboratory tests of clonal rootstocks in Southern Predbaikalia. Bulletin of Russian Agricultural Science, 2023, no. 3, pp. 53-57. https://doi.org/10.31857/2500-2082/2023/3/53-57
Savin E. Z., Mursalimova G. R., Merezhko O. Е. Yield of apple clonal rootstocks depending on frost damage of mother bushes in the steppe conditions of the Southern Urals. Problems of Horticulture in the Middle Volga Region: collection of works, 2011, pp. 234-244.
Savin E. Z., Berezina T. V. Results of selection of clonal apple rootstocks in the conditions of the Middle Volga region. Innovative trends and varieties for sustainable development of modern horticulture, 2015, pp. 196-221.
Savin E. Z., Berezina T. V., Loginchev E. Propagation of fruit crop scions and cultivation of seedlings in the national park “Buzulukskiy Bor”. Bulletin of Orenburg State University, 2018, no. 3 (215), pp. 120-127. https://doi.org/10.25198/1814-6457-215-120
Trunov Yu. V. et al. Prospective clonal apple rootstocks for intensive orchards. Horticulture and viticulture, 2020, no. 2, pp. 34-40. https://doi.org/10.31676/0235-2591-2020-2-34-40
Bittenbender H. C., Howell G. S. Adaptation of the Spearman-Kärber Method for Estimating the T50 of Cold Stressed Flower Buds1 // Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science. 1974. Vol. 99, № 2. P. 187-190. https://doi.org/10.21273/JASHS.99.2.187
Di Vaio C. et al. Effect of interstock (M. 9 and M. 27) on vegetative growth and yield of apple trees (cv “Annurca”). Scientia Horticulturae, 2009, vol. 119, no. 3, pp. 270-274. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2008.08.019
Evans K. M. et al. Development of a new apple rootstock framework map. IX International Symposium on Integrating Canopy, Rootstock and Environmental Physiology in Orchard Systems 903, 2008, pp. 69-74. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2011.903.4
Fazio G. et al. Implementation of molecular marker technologies in the Apple Rootstock Breeding program in Geneva-challenges and successes. IX International Symposium on Integrating Canopy, Rootstock and Environmental Physiology in Orchard Systems 903, 2008, pp. 61-68. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2011.903.3
Holubowicz T., Cummins J. N., Forsline P. L. Responses of Malus clones to programmed low-temperature stresses in late winter. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, 1982, vol. 107(3), pp. 492-496. https://doi.org/10.21273/JASHS.107.3.492
Ikase L., Rubauskis E., Rezgale Z. Evaluation results of Finnish apple rootstocks In Latvia. Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences. 2017, vol. 71, no. 3, pp. 132-136. https://doi.org/10.1515/prolas-2017-0023
Lindén L., Rita H., Suojala T. Logit models for estimating lethal temperatures in apple. HortScience, 1996, vol. 31, no. 1, pp. 91-93.
Lisek, Jerzy. Frost damage of buds on one-year-old shoots of wine and table grapevine cultivars in central Poland following the winter of 2008/2009. 2009, pp. 149-161.
Rachenko M. A. et al. The fruit of Siberian apple varieties as raw material for juice production. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. IOP Publishing, 2020, vol. 421, no. 3, p. 032022. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/421/3/032022
Rachenko M. A., Rachenko A. M. Adaptation capabilities of apple trees in the Southern Baikal region. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. IOP Publishing, 2021. vol. 677, no. 5, p. 052065. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/677/5/052065
Szalay L. et al. Changing of the flower bud frost hardiness in three Hungarian apricot cultivars. Horticultural Science, 2016, vol. 43, no. 3, p. 134. https://doi.org/10.17221/161/2015-HORTSCI
Univer N., Univer T., Tiirmaa K. Effect of five rootstocks on growth and yield of four apple cultivars in young orchard. Sodininkystė ir daržininkystė, 2006, vol. 25, pp. 192-198.
Wang J. et al. A new function of MbIAA19 identified to modulate malus plants dwarfing growth. Plants, 2023, vol. 12, no. 17, p. 3097. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12173097
Wrona D., Sadowski A. Comparison of 18 rootstocks for apple tree cv. 'Elise' in V planting system. Sodininkystė ir daržininkystė, 2006, vol. 25, pp. 144-150.
Copyright (c) 2024 Maxim A. Rachenko, Anna M. Rachenko, Elena N. Kiseleva
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
