THE STATE OF NON-SPECIFIC RESISTANCE OF THE SMALL BAT (PIPISTRELLUS PYGMAEUS LEACH, 1825) UNDER ADVERSE ANTHROPOGENIC FACTORS
Abstract
At present, an important feature of the study of bats is their ability to carry pathogens of dangerous viruses, which is important for epidemiology when analyzing the spread of infectious diseases. Therefore, the study of the nonspecific immunity of bats will be able to suggest their morbidity and ability to endure diseases dangerous to humans. The purpose of the study is to consider the state of nonspecific resistance of the small bat (Pipistrellus pygmaeus Leach, 1825) under the conditions of unfavorable anthropogenic factors in the territory of the Bryansk region. The article presents the results of the analysis of indicators of nonspecific immunity of the small bat, living in areas with different anthropogenic pressure: colony №1 - rural area, colony №2 - urban area. To determine the natural resistance, physiological reactivity and general nonspecific resistance in the small bat, hematological and biochemical studies were conducted according to standard methods in males and females of two colonies. Blood serum lysozyme activity, bactericidal activity, phagocytic activity, circulating immune complexes were measured. In the body of males and females of the small bat, adaptation to new conditions of a negative urban environment is associated with adaptive-compensatory processes, manifested in hyperactivity of the immune system, pronounced disorders of the immune system and cellular immunity.
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Pulscher L.A., Gray R., McQuilty R., Rose K., Welbergen J., Phalen D.N. Investigation into the utility of flying foxes as bioindicators for environmental metal pollution reveals evidence of diminished lead but significant cadmium exposure. Chemosphere, 2020, vol. 254. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126839
Put J.E., Mitchell G.W., Fahrig L. Higher bat and prey abundance at organic than conventional soybean fields. Biol. Cons., 2018, vol. 226, pp. 177–185. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2018.06.021
Russo D., Jones G. Bats as bioindicators. Mamm. Biol., 2015, vol. 80, pp. 157–246. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mambio.2015.03.005
Timofieieva O., Świergosz-Kowalewska R., Laskowski R., Vlaschenko A. Wing membrane and Fur as indicators of metal exposure and contamination of internal tissues in bats. Environmental Pollution, 2021, vol. 276. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116703
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